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Nakh etymology : Search within this database Total of 970 records 49 pages
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1 1 20 \data\cauc\nakhet
Proto-Nakh: *bʡab ( ~ -w)
Meaning: tower
Chechen: bʕow
Ingush: wʕow
Comments: Obl. base *bʕawi-na- (Chech. bʕäwna-, Ing. wʕowno ). 4th class in both languages.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡar (~ -ā-)
Meaning: 1 look, sight 2 to meet, look, stare
Chechen: bʕar 1
Ingush: bʕar ħaža 2
Batsbi: bʕar-daχar 2
Comments: The root is very close phonetically to PN *bʡa 'eye' (q.v.), but external parallels show that it must be kept distinct. For the short vowel in PN cf. Chech. obl. stem bʕära- (also used in bʕära ħēža 'to stare' = Ing. bʕar-ħaža ).
Proto-Nakh: *bʡar(ʎ)V
Meaning: liver sausage
Chechen: bʕara / baʕar
Ingush: bʕar
Comments: 6th class in both languages. Since there is no Bacb. parallel, it is impossible to establish whether PN had *-ʎ- here or not.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡast ( ~ -ʕ-,-ā-)
Meaning: name of a mountain weed
Batsbi: bʕäst (Matsiyev)
Comments: Attested only in Batsb., but having possible external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡastV ( ~ -ā-,-ṭ-)
Meaning: butt (of axe)
Chechen: bʕosta
Ingush: bʕastam
Comments: 4th class in Chech., 6th class in Ing.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡāʁu-m
Meaning: pillar, post
Chechen: bʕōʁam
Ingush: bʕɔʁa
Comments: 6th class in both languages. Cf. also Cheb. bʕāʁom, Shar. bʕōʁõ, Ved, bʕāʁam etc.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡārc̣on
Meaning: mule
Chechen: bʕarza
Ingush: bʕarza
Batsbi: bʕarc̣õ
Comments: Cf. also Shar. bʕorʒõ, Itumk. bʕārʒã (pointing to a long vowel in PN). 4th class in Chech., Ing., 5th class in Bacb. In Ing. we would expect *bʕɔrza; the form bʕarza is probably a result of vowel levelling (on analogy with the obl. base *bʡārc̣ana- ).
Proto-Nakh: *bʡār(ʎ)a
Meaning: nut
Chechen: bʕāra
Ingush: bʕar
Comments: 3d class in both languages. Cf. also Chech. bʕällang, Ing. bʕäring ( *bʡār(ʎ)-li-nVḳ ) 'nut-tree'.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡēč̣V (~-ā-,-ǯ-)
Meaning: a k. of steppe spider
Chechen: bʕēžū
Comments: Attested only in Chech., but with possible external parallels.
Proto-Nakh: *bʡo
Meaning: troops, army
Chechen: bʕo
Ingush: bʕu
Batsbi: bʕö (Matsiyev)
Comments: 5th class in Chech., 5/6th class in Ing., 6th class in Bacb. Obl. base *bʡa- (cf. Chech. dat. bʕa-na, Ing. erg. bʕe-wo ). Cf. also a suffixed form in Bacb.: Bacb. buħ ( < *bʕo-ħu ) 'war, quarrel'.
Proto-Nakh: *babV (~-ā-)
Meaning: grandfather
Batsbi: babŏ
Comments: Attested only in Bacb., but having obvious parallels in other EC languages.
Proto-Nakh: *bac̣a ( ~ -ʒ-)
Meaning: fir-tree
Chechen: baza
Ingush: baza
Comments: 3d class in Chech., 4th class in Ing.
Proto-Nakh: *bader (~ -ā-)
Meaning: child
Chechen: ber
Ingush: ber
Batsbi: bader
Comments: Chech. obl. base bēra-.
Proto-Nakh: *ba-du ( ~ -ā-)
Meaning: orphan
Chechen: bō
Ingush: bo
Batsbi: badŏ
Comments: 3d class in all languages. Final *-du is probably an old common NC attributive suffix.
Proto-Nakh: *baħ
Meaning: burdock
Chechen: baʕ
Ingush: baʕ
Batsbi: baħ
Comments: Obl. stem *baħV- (Ing. baʕo, Chech. baʕa-, but in Uslar's recording bɛʕi- ). 6th class in Chech. and Bacb., 5th class in Ing. In Chech. and Ing. -ħ > -ʕ by assimilation.
Proto-Nakh: *baħen
Meaning: wooden shovel
Chechen: bäħa
Ingush: baħa
Comments: 6th class in both languages. Cf. also Cheb., Khild. beħẽ, Shar. beħã etc.
Proto-Nakh: *baḳa
Meaning: mouth
Chechen: baga
Ingush: bage
Batsbi: baḳ
Comments: Ing. bage reflects a suffixed form. 4th class in Chech., Ing., bj in Bacb.
Proto-Nakh: *baŁ- ( ~ -l-)
Meaning: 1 shoulder 2 shoulders
Chechen: bel-š 1
Ingush: bel-až 1
Batsbi: bali 2
Comments: 4th class in Chech., Ing., 3d class in Bacb. The Bacb. form is attested only in Kadagidze's dictionary, thus in PN both *-Ł- and *-l- are possible. The Chech.-Ing. form (cf. also Pharch. belǝž, Cheb. bališ, Shar. beliš etc.) is an historical plural. Another suffixed form (built from the same root) is *bal-Vm > Chech. bolam 'shoulder (from neck to arm), Ing. balam 'shoulder'.
Proto-Nakh: *baq̇
Meaning: 1 true (adv.) 2 truth, rule
Chechen: baq̇ 1
Ingush: boq̇o 2
Batsbi: baq̇eʔ 2
Comments: In Chech. cf. also baq̇ō ( = Ing. boq̇o, Bacb. baq̇eʔ ) 'rule, right, truth'.
Proto-Nakh: *baq̇e
Meaning: foal
Chechen: beq̇a
Ingush: baq̇
Batsbi: baq̇ŏ
Comments: Cf. also Cheb. baq̇i, Shar., Ved. beq̇i etc. Obl. base with variations: *baq̇u- (Chech. boq̇a- ) / *baq̇i- (Ing. beq̇o ). Nakh > Osset. bäx 'horse' (see Abayev 1958, 255-256).
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Total of 970 records 49 pages
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